Puzzle

Can you sove this?



BODMAS


To simplify arithmetic and algebraic expressions, we use the BODMAS method. We should carry out the operation in the order of each letters of the word BODMAS where;

B       Bracket                 [{()}]
O      Of                           of
D     Division                  /
M    Multiplication       X
A     Addition                 +
S      Subtraction           -

Example:
12 – 4 x 5 + 4 + 8 = 12-4x5+4+8
                                =12-20+4+8
                 =24-20
                 =4



Units of measurement

Measure of capacity
10 milliliters = 1 centiliter
10 centiliters = 1 deciliter
10 deciliters = 1 liter
10 liters = 1 decaliter
10 decaliters = 1 hectoliter
10 hectoliters = 1 kiloliter

Measure of area
100 square millimeters = 1 square centimeter
100 square centimeters = 1 square decimeter
100 square decimeters = 1 square meter
100 square meter = 1 square decameters
100 square decameters = 1 square hectometer
100 square hectometers = 1 square kilometer
1 hectare = 10,000 square meter

Measure of volume
1000 cubic millimeters = 1 cubic centimeter
1000 cubic centimeter = 1 cubic decimeter
1000 cubic decimeter = 1 cubic meter
1000 cubic meters = 1 cubic decameter
1000 cubic decameters = 1 cubic hectometer
1000 cubic hectometers = 1 cubic kilometer

Measure of length
10 millimeters (mm) = 1 centimeter (cm)
10 centimeters = 1 decimeter (dm)
10 decimeters = 1 meter (m)
10 meters = 1 decameter (da.m)
10 decameters = 1 hectometer (hm)
10 hectometers = 1 kilometer (Km)

Measure of weight
10 milligrams = 1 centigram
10 centigrams = 1 decigram
10 decigrams = 1 gram
10 grams = decagram
10 decagrams = 1 hectogram
10 hectograms = 1 kilogram
100 kilograms = 1 quintal
10 quintals or 1000 kg = 1 metric ton

Measure of time
60 seconds = 1 minute
60 minutes = 1 hour
24 hours = 1 day
7 days = 1 week
15 days = 1 fortnight
12 months = 1 year
365 days = 1 year
366 days = 1 leap year
1 year = anniversary
10 years = decade
25 years = silver jubilee
50 years = golden jubilee
60 years = diamond jubilee
75 years = platinum jubilee
100 years = century
1000 years = millennium

Ramanujan number

1729

               1729 is the natural number following 1728 and preceding 1730. 1729 is known as the Hardy- Ramanujan number after a famous anecdote of the British mathematician G.H. Hardy regarding a visit to the hospital to see the Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan. As told by Hardy; " I remember once going to see him ( Ramanujan) when he was lying ill at Putney. i had ridden in taxi cab No. 1729, and remarked that the number seemed to be rather a dull one, and that i hoped it was not an favorable omen. "NO", he replied, "it is a very interesting number, it is the smallest number expressible as the sum of two [positive] cubes in two different ways." the number was also found in one of Ramanujan's notebooks dated years before the incident.

some of the properties of 1729:

1. it can be represent as a product of 3 distinct prime numbers.


2. 1729 is divisible by sum of its digits. Hence its a Harshad number. 1729/19=91

3. 1729 is the smallest number expressible as the sum of two positive cubes in two different ways. the different ways are ;1729 = 13 + 123 = 93 + 103.

4.1729 is the third Carmichael number and the first absolute Euler pseudo prime.

5. 1729 is a Zeisel number. it is a centered cube number, as well as a dodecagonal number.

6. 1729 is one of four positive integer which, when its digits are added together, produces a sum which, when multiplied by its reversal, yields the original number.
     1+ 7 + 2 + 9 = 19
      19 x 91 =1729


Srinivasa Ramanujan


Birth

Srinivasa Ramanujan, an Indian mathematician was born in 22nd December, 1887 in Madras, India. Like Sophie Germain, he received no formal education in mathematics but made important contributions to advancement of mathematics.  

Contribution to Mathematics

His chief contribution in mathematics lies mainly in analysis, game theory and infinite series. He made in depth analysis in order to solve various mathematical problems by bringing to light new and novel ideas that gave impetus to progress of game theory. Such was his mathematical genius that he discovered his own theorems. It was because of his keen insight and natural intelligence that he came up with infinite series for π.This series made up the basis of certain algorithms that are used today. One such remarkable instance is when he solved the bivariate problem of his roommate at spur of moment with a novel answer that solved the whole class of problems through continued fraction. Besides that he also led to draw some formerly unknown identities such as by linking coefficients of and providing identities for hyperbolic secant.
He also described in detail the mock theta function, a concept of mock modular form in mathematics. Initially, this concept remained an enigma but now it has been identified as holomorphic parts of mass forms. His numerous assertions in mathematics or concepts opened up new vistas of mathematical research for instance his conjecture of size of tau function that has distinct modular form in theory of modular forms. His papers became an inspiration with later mathematicians such as G. N. Watson, B. M. Wilson and Bruce Berndt to explore what Ramanujan discovered and to refine his work. His contribution towards development of mathematics particularly game theory remains unrivaled as it was based upon pure natural talent and enthusiasm. In recognition of his achievements, his birth date 22 December is celebrated in India as Mathematics Day. It would not be wrong to assume that he was first Indian mathematician who gained acknowledgment only because of his innate genius and talent.

His Publications

It was after his first publication in the “Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society” that he gained recognition as genius mathematician. With collaboration of English mathematician G.H. Hardy, with whom he came in contact with during his visit to England, he brought forward his divergent series that later stimulated research in that given area thus refining the contribution of Ramanujan. Both also worked on new asymptotic formula that gave rise to method of analytical number theory also called as “Circle Method” in mathematics.
It was during his visit to England that he got worldwide recognition after publication of his mathematical work in European journals. He also achieved the distinction of becoming second Indian, who was elected as Fellow of Royal Society of London in 1918.

Death

He died on 26 April 1920 at hands of dreadful disease of tuberculosis. Although he couldn’t get recognition of world at large but in field of mathematics, his contribution is duly recognized.

Fundamental theorem of arithmetic’s:


Every composite numbers can be expressed as a product of primes and this factorization is unique except for the order in which the prime factors occur. it is also called unique factorizing theorem.

example:

Composite numbers & Co-prime

Composite number:

A number greater than one and not a prime number is a composite number.

Co-prime:


Two numbers ‘a’ and ‘b’ are said to be co-prime if the only common divisor of ‘a’ and ‘b’ is 1.

Prime numbers:

A positive integer p is considered a prime number, if p greater than 1 and p does not have factors other than 11 and p.  

Prime numbers up to 500;
    

2
3
5
7
11
13
17
19
23
29
31
37
41
43
47
53
59
61
67
71
73
79
83
89
97
101
103
107
109
113
127
131
137
139
149
151
157
163
167
173
179
181
191
193
197
199
211
223
227
229
233
239
241
251
257
263
269
271
277
281
283
293
307
311
313
317
331
337
347
349
353
359
367
373
379
383
389
397
401
409
419
421
431
433
439
443
449
457
461
463
467
479
487
491
499




Properties of arithmetics



Reflective property

A quantity is congruent (equal) to itself. a=a

Symmetric property

If a=b, then b=a.

Transitive property

If a=b and b=c, then a=c.

Addition postulate

If equal quantities are added to equal quantities, the sum are same

Subtraction postulate

If equal quantities are subtracted from equal quantities, the difference are equal.

Multiplication postulate

If equal quantities are multiplied by equal quantities, the products are equal. (also double of equal quantities are equal.)

Division postulate

If equal quantities are divided by equal none zero quantities, the quotients are equal. (also halves of equal quantities are equal.)

Substitution postulate

A quantity may be substituted for its equal in any expression.

Partition postulate

The whole is equal to some of its parts.

Also between of points: AB+BC=AC.

Angle addition postulate: m<ABC+ m<CBD=m<ABD